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以下是小編整理的考研英語語法解讀虛擬語氣范文三篇，僅供參考，大家一起來看看吧。

【篇一】考研英語語法解讀虛擬語氣

考研英語語法精要 虛擬語氣

六、虛擬語氣

1.主從句謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)

(1)掌握主從句謂語動詞的規(guī)范搭配:

主句 從句

與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 would/情態(tài)動詞過去式+do were (不分人稱)/did

與過去事實(shí)相反 would/情態(tài)動詞過去式+have done had done

與將來事實(shí)相反 would/情態(tài)動詞過去式+do should do

如：

If the doctor had been available, the child could not have died.

There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, should there be a sudden loud noise.

(2)區(qū)分主從句表示的不同時(shí)間概念：

主從句謂語動詞所指時(shí)間不同，這叫做錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句，動詞形式應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來調(diào)整。如：

Had it not been for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is.

(主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句與過去事實(shí)相反)

Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now.

(主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句與過去事實(shí)相反)

(3)識別事實(shí)和假設(shè)混合句：

Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a make-up examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.

(句子前半部分為假設(shè)情況，而“父母病了”是事實(shí))

I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week.

(前半部分為假設(shè)，后半部分是事實(shí))

2.名詞性從句的虛擬形式

名詞性從句是指賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。從句的"謂語動詞需用(should+)動詞原形表示虛擬?？忌鷳?yīng)熟悉：

(1)下列動詞做謂語時(shí)，that賓語從句中的動詞用虛擬形式：

desire, advise, recommend, command, direct, order, ask, demand, request, require, insist, maintain, move, propose, prefer, urge, vote。如：

In the past men generally preferred that their wives work in the home.

I move that he be discharged for his serious mistake.

(2)下列形容詞和分詞做表語或補(bǔ)語時(shí)，that主語從句中動詞用虛擬形式：

advisable, desirable, insistent, preferable, urgent, appropriate, compulsory, crucial, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, possible, probable, proper, vital, advised, arranged, commanded, demanded, desired, ordered, proposed, recommended, requested, required, suggested。如：

The board deem it urgent that these files should be printed right away.

It is essential that all these figures be checked twice.

(3)下列名詞接同位語從句或表語從句時(shí)，從句中動詞用虛擬形式：

insistence, preference, recommendation, suggestion, proposal, motion, desire, re-quirement, request, order, necessity, importance, regulation, rule, resolution, understanding。如：

John Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it be analyzed in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.

They keep telling us it is of utmost importance that our representative be sent to the conference on schedule.

3.含蓄虛擬條件句的謂語動詞形式

含蓄虛擬語氣是指假設(shè)條件不通過if從句表達(dá)，而是暗含在其他結(jié)構(gòu)中?？忌鷳?yīng)熟悉：

(1)連詞but, but that, or, or else;副詞otherwise, unfortunately等表示轉(zhuǎn)折假設(shè)。如：

A safety analysis would have identified the target as a potential danger. Unfortunately, it was never done.

Victor obviously doesn’t know what’s happened; otherwise he wouldn’t have made such a stupid remark.

(2)介詞短語暗含假設(shè)條件，常用的有：without, but for, under more favorable conditions等。如：

But for the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.

(3)intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned或was/were +不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished+不定式一般式暗示虛擬語氣。如：

I intended to have called on you, but I was busy at that time.

(4)情態(tài)動詞完成式暗示虛擬語氣。如：

I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t.

4.常用虛擬形式的句型

(1)從句中動詞用過去式或過去完成式表示虛擬的句型：

would rather would as soon as though suppose…

had rather would sooner as if supposing…

If only… It is (high) time that…(從句中動詞只用過去式)

如：

His wife would rather they didn’t talk about the matter any more.

I’d rather you went by train, because I can’t bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.

If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I buried my head in my hands for a cry.

My father always talks as though he were addressing a public meeting.

(2)If it were not for… (與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)

If it had not been for… (與過去事實(shí)相反) 相當(dāng)于but for。如：

If it had not been for his help (= but for his help), we would not have succeeded.

(3)If only…謂語動詞視情況選用適當(dāng)?shù)男问健Ｈ纾?/p>

If only the committee would approve the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.

(4)lest/for fear that/in case 從句謂語用(should+)動詞原形。如：

The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.

(5)whether…or…有時(shí)謂語用be的原形，引導(dǎo)讓步虛擬從句，這種用法經(jīng)常采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be they Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.

The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.

【篇二】考研英語語法解讀虛擬語氣

if only 與 I wish一樣，也用于表示與事實(shí)相反的愿望，其后所虛擬語氣的時(shí)態(tài)與 wish 后所接時(shí)態(tài)的情況相同：

If only she had had more courage! 她再勇敢一些就好了。

If only it would stop raining! 雨要是停了就好了。

If only he didn"t drive so fast. 但愿他車沒開得那么快。

If only I were [was] better looking. 要是我長得漂亮些就好了。

If only I had listened to my parents! 我要是當(dāng)時(shí)聽了父母的話就好了。

If only she would go with me! 她要是愿意和我一道去就好了!

【友情提示】if only 通常獨(dú)立使用，沒有主句。

【篇三】考研英語語法解讀虛擬語氣

考研英語語法解讀：虛擬語氣

我們知道由if 引導(dǎo)的條件句有兩種形式，一種是真實(shí)的條件句，也就說是某事很可能發(fā)生，條件是可能存在的，主句中某種情況發(fā)生的概率也是很高的。例如If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile， you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems.（.Text1 ）（如果你想在談話中用幽默來使人發(fā)笑，你就必須知道如何識別共同的經(jīng)歷和共同的問題。）

另一種就非真實(shí)條件句，通過虛擬語氣來表達(dá)。例如I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.（要不是交通堵塞，我本會來得早一些。）在這句話中，假設(shè)“不堵塞”，但是真實(shí)情況并不是這樣，所以用虛擬語氣。一般有6種常見的形式：

1）與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的非真實(shí)條件句，從句中用一般過去時(shí)，主句中用would/could/ should 加動詞原形，be 動詞的過去式為were.

If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks， you would find this strange phenomenon to be ever more pronounced.（，text 1 ）（查看為世界杯和專業(yè)隊(duì)輸送人才的.歐洲國家青年隊(duì)，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這一奇怪的現(xiàn)象更加明顯。）

2）與過去事實(shí)相反的非真實(shí)條件句，從句用過去完成時(shí)，主句用would/could/should +have done .

If he had played last season，however，he would have been one of 42. （ text3 ）（如果他打了上個(gè)賽季，他將只是42個(gè)（最高的人）中的一個(gè)）

3）與將來事實(shí)相反的非真實(shí)條件句，從句用should do 或 were to do 結(jié)構(gòu)，主句中用 would /could/should 加動詞原形。

If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in ‘s World Cup tournament， you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk： elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the later months.（2007 text 1）（如果查看世界杯聯(lián)賽每個(gè)足球運(yùn)動員的出生證，你很可能發(fā)笑一個(gè)值得注意的奇怪現(xiàn)象：好的足球運(yùn)動員都在一年的頭幾個(gè)月而不是后幾個(gè)月出生。）

4）混合時(shí)態(tài)的虛擬 指的是主句和從句分別表示兩個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)，動詞形式依照上述三種形式進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化。

If he had put all the important files in the safe yesterday， his boss wouldn‘t be scolding him so angrily now.（如果昨天他把所有重要文件都放在保險(xiǎn)箱中，他的老板現(xiàn)在也不會這個(gè)嚴(yán)厲的說他。）

5）省if將從句中的系動詞或助動詞提前到主語之前，變成倒裝句，考生對這種形式應(yīng)該理解和掌握。 Had it not for the timely investment from the general public， our company would not be so thriving as it is.（ ）（如果不是群眾投資，我們的公司不會像現(xiàn)在這么興旺。）

6）用介詞或連詞表示虛擬。比如with，without， under…condition， but for . And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all， the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber， or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.（ text 1 ）（如果一只猴子甚至沒有用石塊就能得到葡萄，另一只猴子就會向研究人員扔石頭，或者把石頭扔出房間，或者拒絕接受一片黃瓜。）

這是比較常規(guī)和比較容易辨識的虛擬語氣，希望同學(xué)們多加練習(xí)。希望廣大的考生在復(fù)習(xí)的過程中把遇到的所有長難句都進(jìn)行匯總到一個(gè)筆記本上，積累自己的薄弱點(diǎn)，才能針對性提高。預(yù)?？忌鷤兌寄芸荚図樌?/p>

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